Indeed Larry. Even Wallace H. Coxe joined the "Tons" parade
"Smokeless Shotgun Powders: Their Development, Composition and Ballistic Characteristics", 1931
Western Cartridge Companys 12g Super-X Field 2 3/4 1 1/4 oz. 3 3/4 Dram Equiv. shell with DuPont Oval was introduced in 1922. Dram Eq. is listed as 3 but is
much more likely 3 3/4.
Charge was 1 1/4 oz.
Using the estimated Tons Lead Crusher Pressure (Cp) conversion to PSI (pound force per square inch) (Cp x 1.5) - .5 = TSI, TSI X 2240 = PSI.
Ballistite maximum pressure at 1 was 4.9 Long Tons =
15,344 psi
Schultze at 1 3/4 was 4.5 Long Tons =
14,000 psi
DuPont Bulk at 1 2/3 was 4.1 Long Tons =
12,656 psi
FFFg at 1 1/2 was 3.8 Long Tons = 11,648 psi
Oval at 2 was 3.5 Long Tons = 10,640 psi
All the curves essentially meet at about 3 1/2.
Those are serious beyond SAAMI max. pressures in loads which the turn-of-the-century Live Pigeon shooters were using routinely, with those "time bomb" Damascus barrels
