Raimey, I don't want to hijack the thread, but Pauly is a favorite of mine. A local friend has one, a shotgun, but I have seen his double rifles, too. Some are amazingly decorated. But the neatest thing is that the Pauly gun was from 1808 or so as you suggest. It was a hammerless [internal hammers], internal firing pins, and used a centerfire cartridge. So what ? one might say . Well, those designs were about 50 years ahead of the rest of the world.