1925 - 1954 12g barrel flats marked with chamber length and 1 1/8 or 1 1/4 oz.
In 1925, the 2 1/2” & 2 5/8” 12g maximum service load was reduced to 3 Dr. Eq. with 1 1/8 oz. shot with a mean pressure of 3 1/4 tons by LUP = 9,800 psi by Burrard’s conversion.
Definitive Proof remained 6 1/2 Drams BP with 1 2/3 oz. shot
The 2 3/4” 12g max. service load was 3 3/8 Dr. Eq. with 1 1/4 oz. shot with a mean pressure of 3 1/2 tons = 10,640 psi by Burrard’s conversion. (Primarily for heavier “Waterfowl” guns)
Definitive Proof - 7 1/2 Drams BP with 2 oz. shot.


John Brindle, author of Shotgun Shooting: Techniques & Technology published a review of Proof and Service pressures in Part 5 of his series in The Double Gun Journal, “Black Powder & Smokeless, Damascus & Steel”; Volume 5, Issue 3, 1994, “Some Modern Fallacies Part 5”, p. 11.
His estimated post-1954 but pre-CIP standard shotshell pressures by LUP converted to piezo transducer PSI

……………Standard Service…..Max. Service…....Proof
12g 2 1/2”…….6,800 psi…………8,800 psi…….12,250 psi
12g 2 3/4”…….7,800 psi…………9,800 psi……..14,050 psi
(CIP 2 3/4”)….10,733 psi….…..12,328 psi……13,489 psi
16g 2 1/2”…….7,300 psi…………9,300 psi……..13,150 psi
16g 2 3/4”…….7,800 psi…………9,800 psi……..14,050 psi


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