eightbore,

Ugh, Jim has it right. The weight/mass of the powder is calculated in the recoil formula. You have to push the powder/powder gases down the barrel also. I think there is a formula on trapshooters.com that shows this (I don't visit that site).

This is why a similiar blackpowder load of the same velocity and shot weight will recoil more than a smokeless load. You have to push all that BP crap down the barrel.

Apologies, but you are wrong on this one.

Mike

Mike