In this part of town, that is referred to as a "Barn Gun". Some "Barn Guns" live closer to the manure pile than others. I think the manure pile might be where that one was stored.
There really isn't much excuse for a gun to look like that, save ignorance, or, stupidity. Some of my Father's guns were used by him for almost 60 seasons, and would condition in the very high 90% catagory. He took care of them, and serviced them, or their finish, as needed.
Best,
Ted