I have 9 black powder double rifles. Of the powders available in the US now, I use, and I believe most others also use, Swiss 1.5 and 2Fg.
My smallest bores are 360EX, 2.25". One of these, a Watson Bros from 1905, loves NfB loadings of smokeless powder and jacketed bullets. Another, a GE Lewis from 1873, hasn't regulated yet. Another smaller bore, a 450/400 2 7/8" Purdey self-opener, is super accurate with jacketed bullets and 2Fg Swiss, and worked perfectly with almost no trial and error (sometimes you get lucky.)
The 450 3.25" doubles generally like 1.5 Fg Swiss and cast bullets. One, an EM Reilly, does really well without patching. The John Dickson is still a work in progress, but is okay both with and without patching, using black powder.
I have 3 500 BPE rifles (3" cases) and I've only gotten one of them, another Dickson, to shoot quite well. That required patching and reducing the black powder load significantly from what you often hear (down to 110gr)
I've not yet tried smokeless loads in my 450 or 500 rifles. I've only just started messing with fillers (kapok) in a German 9.3x72r rifle. That's showing promise, and significantly reduced variations in velocity. I will next try fillers in the 360s and then one of the 450s.
I've not tried duplexing yet.
PM me or ask here if there's anything I can help with. I'm still learning, but happy to share what has worked for me.
Last edited by CJF; 03/01/25 06:45 PM.