Much confusion concerning chokes is caused by the shooting community's acceptance of expedient, if incorrect, definitions of choke. Thus we see choke tube makers making hay not just with .005 (sometimes less) incremental tubes, but also with fallacious nomenclature assigned to each increment. There is, factually, no such thing as a "mod" choke tube or section. Mod is a performance, defined as a specific percentage at 40 yds.
The .010 16 ga could quite possibly give mod choke, depending on ammo. It also could give a skeet pattern.
The McIntosh foolishness is in full bloom (no pun) on pp 120-121 of 'Shotguns and Shooting'. Chapter is titled 'Practical Chokes'. He describes with great clarity long-distance ("just a hair over 50 yds") grooving with guns having "little or no choke" (he means constriction). The interesting thing concerning this section is that his observations are quite believable. It is his conclusions that are so precisely incorrect and detrimental.
Like Stan, I am not knocking cyl/skeet/IC for all purposes. This goes in spades when we are talking of 12s.
Sam
