David,
Was the 06 rim engaged by the extractor? If so,opening the bolt should have extracted the cartridge, if not,this could cause the failure to chamber the cartridge.It appears the rifle is chambered for 8mm-06.I suggest you load an empty,fl sized, primed 30-06 case with 8-10gr Bullseye powder,tamp a 1/4 sheet TP over it,fill the case with cornmeal(or grits, or cream of wheat, or polishing media), and plug it with more TP, or stryofoam.This is a common fireforming load, and firing one will show what the chamber looks like, as well as inform you if you must use a .318" bullet( or .320-323", which ever fits into the fired case).Slugging the barrel would also affect this decision.If you have to force the fireforming load to chamber, do so.
Mike